The total amount of grant aid a state provides was divided by the number of full-time equivalent (FTE) students attending all types of institutions in the state. The amount each individual student will receive varies based on need, merit, and type of institution attended. The last figure shows the relationship between need-based grants and the average cost of in-state tuition and fees. Twenty-five percent is considered the threshold that has an equalizing effect on enrollment opportunity for low and middle-income students.